{"id":77,"date":"2014-10-14T17:57:41","date_gmt":"2014-10-14T17:57:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/?page_id=77"},"modified":"2023-02-08T20:22:49","modified_gmt":"2023-02-08T20:22:49","slug":"microbox-a-houby","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/?page_id=77","title":{"rendered":"MICROBOX A HOUBY"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><script src=\"https:\/\/code.responsivevoice.org\/responsivevoice.js?key=zOyPaRpl\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><\/script><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><button id=\"listenButton1\" class=\"responsivevoice-button\" type=\"button\" value=\"Play\" title=\"ResponsiveVoice Tap to Start\/Stop Speech\"><span>&#128266; Zvukov\u00fd p\u0159epis str\u00e1nky<\/span><\/button>\n        <script>\n            listenButton1.onclick = function(){\n                if(responsiveVoice.isPlaying()){\n                    responsiveVoice.cancel();\n                }else{\n                    responsiveVoice.speak(\"\u010cesk\u00e1 republika je n\u00e1rodem houba\u0159\u016f. Popul\u00e1rn\u00ed, mimo klasick\u00e9ho lesn\u00edho sb\u011bru, je i vlastn\u00ed p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed hub, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch d\u0159evokazn\u00fdch druh\u016f. Nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metodou je p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed na sl\u00e1m\u011b v pytl\u00edch nebo o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eva kol\u00ed\u010dkovou sadbou. B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1vody pro tyto metody pak vypadaj\u00ed asi takto: \\\"Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me sl\u00e1mu kvalitn\u00ed, suchou, bez p\u0159\u00edtomnosti pl\u00edsn\u00ed. Na\u0159ezanou sl\u00e1mu (drobn\u011bji nadrcen\u00e1 je lep\u0161\u00ed) nasypeme do siln\u00e9ho PE pytle, stla\u010d\u00edme ji a zalijeme horkou vodou tak, aby byla v\u0161echna sl\u00e1ma pono\u0159ena a pytel uzav\u0159eme prov\u00e1zkem. Vodu v pytli ponech\u00e1me 12 hodin a potom u\u0159\u00edzneme spodn\u00ed rohy a vodu nech\u00e1me samovoln\u011b vyt\u00e9ct. Kvalit\u011b substr\u00e1tu prosp\u011bje, kdy\u017e pytel po vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vody na 1 den ulo\u017e\u00edme v bl\u00edzkosti zdroje tepla, aby se teplota sl\u00e1my udr\u017eovala po dobu 24 hodin na 45\u00b0C. Pokud nem\u00e1me k dispozici pytel ze siln\u00e9ho PE, m\u016f\u017eeme sl\u00e1mu spa\u0159it v n\u011bjak\u00e9 n\u00e1dob\u011b (sud, vana), p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b namo\u010denou sl\u00e1mu lze spa\u0159it v pa\u0159\u00e1ku na brambory\\\". \\\"Kmeny na\u0159e\u017eeme na d\u00e9lku 20-50 cm. Krat\u0161\u00ed kmeny d\u0159\u00edve prorostou podhoub\u00edm, je v\u0161ak nutno je osadit do vlh\u010d\u00edho m\u00edsta. Budeme-li o\u010dkovat z\u00e1\u0159ezy nebo otvory, doporu\u010dujeme d\u00e9lku kmene okolo 50 cm a rychlost pror\u016fst\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme ovlivnit vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed otvor\u016f nebo z\u00e1\u0159ez\u016f. Kmeny pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me s k\u016frou. Pak mus\u00edte do d\u0159eva vyvrtat otvory o pr\u016fm\u011bru kol\u00ed\u010dku 8 mm. Kol\u00ed\u010dek by m\u011bl j\u00edt do d\u0159eva ztuha a mus\u00edte ho zatlouct pomoci kladiva. Kol\u00ed\u010dek za\u010dne pror\u016fstat do \u0161palku, z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 z n\u011bho \u017eiviny a cel\u00fd jej kolonizuje. Tato f\u00e1ze m\u016f\u017ee trvat podle velikosti \u0161palku 1-2 roky a n\u00e1sledn\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed k tvorb\u011b plodnic\\\". Tyto zp\u016fsoby jsou jist\u011b l\u00e9ty prov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9, ale pro v\u011bt\u0161inu lid\u00ed technicky probl\u00e9mov\u00e9. Je dost t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9, mo\u017en\u00e1 a\u017e humorn\u00e9, si p\u0159edstavit, jak m\u011bstsk\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk pob\u00edh\u00e1 po byt\u011b s 20 litrov\u00fdm hrncem va\u0159\u00edc\u00ed vody, aby n\u00e1sledn\u011b zalil PE pytel s na\u0159ezanou sl\u00e1mou. Podobn\u011b probl\u00e9mov\u00fd je ze stejn\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f pro valnou v\u011bt\u0161inu lid\u00ed i druh\u00fd zp\u016fsob p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed o\u010dkovac\u00ed kol\u00ed\u010dkov\u00e9 sadby na kmeny. T\u00edmto oba zp\u016fsoby v\u016fbec nekritizujeme ani nezpochyb\u0148ujeme, ale jsou prost\u011b pro mnoho lid\u00ed (hlavn\u011b m\u011bstsk\u00e9 obyvatele v bytov\u00e9 z\u00e1stavb\u011b) technicky i fakticky nedostupn\u00e9. Jistou inovac\u00ed v tradi\u010dn\u00edch zp\u016fsobech je tak p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159evokazn\u00fdch hub s vyu\u017eit\u00edm Microbox\u016f. (Original foto: web o Mycelium - Microbox a p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed shii-take) Obr\u00e1zky \u010d.1 - \u010d.6 Pou\u017eit\u00ed Microbox\u016f je jeden z nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak velmi \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b p\u011bstovat houby v dom\u00e1c\u00edm (tj. i v bytov\u00e9m a tedy prostorov\u011b \u010dasto omezen\u00e9m) prost\u0159ed\u00ed pod st\u00e1lou vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed kontrolou pror\u016fst\u00e1n\u00ed mycelia a procesu z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 fruktifikace (tvorby plodnic). Tento zp\u016fsob p\u011bstovan\u00ed d\u0159evokazn\u00fdch hub je obl\u00edben\u00fd hlavn\u011b v Belgii, Nizozem\u00ed, USA a Kanad\u011b. N\u011bkter\u00e9 firmy (nap\u0159. z GB) je p\u0159\u00edmo pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako p\u011bstebn\u00ed sety. Nao\u010dkov\u00e1n upravenou a obohacenou \\\"sadbou\\\" mate\u0159sk\u00e9 kultury (myceliem) se substr\u00e1t, v hermeticky uzav\u0159en\u00e9m mikroklimatu Microboxu, st\u00e1le rozv\u00edj\u00ed a d\u00fdch\u00e1 (pro o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed substr\u00e1tu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me sm\u011bs tekut\u00e9ho mycelia na malt\u00f3ze). Mycelium\u00a0(podhoub\u00ed) je shluk vz\u00e1jemn\u011b propleten\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken, charakteristick\u00fd zejm\u00e9na pro\u00a0houby\u00a0a n\u011bkter\u00e9\u00a0bakterie. Vl\u00e1kna mohou b\u00fdt rozd\u011blena septy (p\u0159ep\u00e1\u017ekami) na jednotliv\u00e9\u00a0bu\u0148ky, nebo tato septa chyb\u011bj\u00ed a cel\u00e9 mycelium je tvo\u0159eno jednou bu\u0148kou. Mycelium pronikaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u016fdou se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 mycelium baz\u00e1ln\u00ed (vegetativn\u00ed); \u010d\u00e1st nad p\u016fdou je mycelium vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 nebo reproduktivn\u00ed (tvo\u0159\u00ed-li spory). Od tohoto bodu mycelium za\u010dne r\u016fst a postupn\u011b napad\u00e1 cel\u00fd substr\u00e1t (obr. 1-3). Tento proces trv\u00e1 asi 3-4 t\u00fddny, ide\u00e1ln\u011b v \u00fapln\u011b tmav\u00e9m a pokojov\u011b tepl\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed 23-26 \u00b0C, kdy substr\u00e1t zraje (obr. 4) a v kone\u010dn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi substr\u00e1t za\u010dne rodit a tvo\u0159\u00ed houby (obr. 5 a 6), ide\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159i sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 okoln\u00ed teplot\u011b kolem 12-20 \u00b0C podle druhu p\u011bstovan\u00e9 houby. P\u0159edem si m\u016f\u017eeme vybrat, zda nech\u00e1me dokon\u010dit proces fruktifikace v samotn\u00e9m Microboxu (sund\u00e1n\u00edm krytu s filtrem) nebo zda jeho obsah p\u0159em\u00edst\u00edme do v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1dob nebo i do speci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00e1\u010dk\u016f. V\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 lh\u016fty jsou pouze orienta\u010dn\u00ed. Skute\u010dn\u00fd proces m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt rychlej\u0161\u00ed nebo pomalej\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. Zrychlen\u00fdm procesem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eit\u00ed pap\u00edru, jako substr\u00e1tu se 100% pod\u00edlem celul\u00f3zy, kdy cel\u00fd proces od nao\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed sadby do substr\u00e1tu po samotnou tvorbu plodnic trv\u00e1 asi 5-6 t\u00fddn\u016f. Takto se daj\u00ed p\u011bstovat r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy hl\u00edv, shii-take, polni\u010dka, pen\u00edzovka, ale i reishi, nameko, maitake, kor\u00e1lovec a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch druh\u016f. Pro Microboxy se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed substr\u00e1ty nej\u010dast\u011bji v kombinaci d\u0159evn\u00ed hmoty a obilovin. Substr\u00e1ty jsou standardn\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed, jen s d\u00edl\u010d\u00edmi obm\u011bnami podle druhu p\u011bstovan\u00e9 houby. V\u00fdt\u011b\u017enost substr\u00e1t\u016f z p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed v Microbox je pom\u011brn\u011b vysok\u00e1 a pohybuje se kolem 25% podle druhu. U klasick\u00e9 hl\u00edvy (Pleurotus Ostreatus a Pleurotus Pulmonarius) a u shii-take (Lentinula Edodes) cca 30% (300 gram\u016f houby z 1 kg substr\u00e1tu). Mimo minim\u00e1ln\u00edch prostorov\u00fdch n\u00e1rok\u016f je dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ednost\u00ed Microbox\u016f mo\u017enost p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edce druh\u016f hub sou\u010dasn\u011b, samoz\u00e1sobitelsk\u00e9 celoro\u010dn\u00ed p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed bez ohledu na venkovn\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed a je to hlavn\u011b p\u011bkn\u00e9 i praktick\u00e9 hobby (houby se daj\u00ed sn\u00edst :-) ) s p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch experiment\u00e1ln\u00edch postup\u016f. V\u011bt\u0161inu za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edch p\u011bstitel\u016f odrad\u00ed nutn\u00e1 a pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 sterilizace houbov\u00fdch substr\u00e1t\u016f. Ale nic na tom opravdu nen\u00ed. U Microbox\u016f prob\u00edh\u00e1 podobn\u011b jako u sklenic v p\u00e1\u0159e, ale v\u00ed\u010dko s filtrem se hermeticky neuzav\u00edr\u00e1 (nedocvak\u00e1v\u00e1), n\u00fdbr\u017e se jen voln\u011b polo\u017e\u00ed na n\u00e1dobu a stejn\u011b jako u sklenic se vr\u0161ek p\u0159ekryje alobalem. Po vychladnut\u00ed substr\u00e1tu a nao\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed agarem nebo sadbou se v\u00ed\u010dko hermeticky uzav\u0159e postupn\u00fdm docvaknut\u00edm po cel\u00e9m obvodu n\u00e1doby. (Original foto: Mush NL) P\u0159edem nutn\u00e1 sterilizace substr\u00e1tu se d\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00fdmi kroky obej\u00edt nap\u0159. pou\u017eit\u00edm peroxidu vod\u00edku p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b substr\u00e1tu (popul\u00e1rn\u00ed metoda v USA a Austr\u00e1lii) nebo p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b i jeho dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fapravou nap\u0159. propa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159ed pln\u011bn\u00edm n\u00e1dob. Osobn\u011b, ale preferujeme daleko jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed pasterizaci, s nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm ph, za pomoci v\u00e1pna a jen s trochou peroxidu. Prov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdm filtrem Microboxu pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed hub p\u0159ed fruktifikac\u00ed je b\u00edl\u00fd filtr s pr\u016fm\u011brnou v\u00fdm\u011bnou plyn\u016f kolem 10GE\/den nebo i \u017elut\u00fd a \u010derven\u00fd filtr s pr\u016fm\u011brem kolem 13GE\/den, resp. 16GE\/den. Pou\u017e\u00edt m\u016f\u017eeme r\u016fzn\u00e9 kulat\u00e9 a ov\u00e1ln\u00e9 n\u00e1doby Microbox s objemem 565 ml, 870 ml, 1000 ml, resp. 540 ml nebo 1200 ml, ale i 1600 ml a 2100 ml. Men\u0161\u00ed objemy (300 ml a 565 ml, resp. 540 ml) Microbox\u016f se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed i pro zku\u0161ebn\u00ed a experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed, kdy p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fd ne\u00fasp\u011bch p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed jen velmi zanedbateln\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty na sadb\u011b nebo substr\u00e1tu. Mnoho zahrani\u010dn\u00edch profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch firem, ale i hobby p\u011bstitel\u016f, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Microbox rovn\u011b\u017e pro v\u00fdrobu a mno\u017een\u00ed nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch druh\u016f houbov\u00e9 sadby. Microbox tak \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b nahrazuje r\u016fzn\u011b amat\u00e9rsky prora\u017een\u00e1 v\u00ed\u010dka zava\u0159ovac\u00edch sklenic, nacpan\u00e9 n\u00e1sledn\u011b vatou nebo molitanem pro \\\"d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed\\\" sadby. P\u0159i autokl\u00e1vu lze Microboxy pou\u017e\u00edt opakovan\u011b a\u017e 10x. P\u0159i p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed hub, kdy si pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd substr\u00e1t p\u0159edem sterilizujeme nebo pou\u017eijeme metodu bez sterilizace (nap\u0159. s peroxidem), lze n\u00e1doby Microbox pou\u017e\u00edt mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b (i 20x podle stavu n\u00e1doby, filtru a t\u011bsnosti v\u00ed\u010dka). Sta\u010d\u00ed jen po posledn\u00ed fruktifikaci\u00a0(tvorb\u011b plodnic)\u00a0vysypat vy\u010derpanou sadbu z n\u00e1doby, Microbox vym\u00fdt horkou vodou, ot\u0159\u00edt filtr mokr\u00fdm had\u0159\u00edkem a n\u00e1doba je znovu p\u0159ipravena k pou\u017eit\u00ed bez mo\u017en\u00e9 kontaminace s venkovn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm. \u00a0 Na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed komise EU \u010d. 432\/2012 neumo\u017e\u0148uje popisovat v\u0161echny \u00fa\u010dinky u konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho dopl\u0148ku stravy na lidsk\u00fd organismus. Jako jeden ze zdroj\u016f informac\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete vyu\u017e\u00edt v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 informace o houb\u011b reishi i jin\u00fdch produktech uveden\u00fdch na tomto serveru, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b obecn\u011b informa\u010dn\u00ed nekomer\u010dn\u00ed charakter a poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z ve\u0159ejn\u011b dostupn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, nap\u0159. za pomoc\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch vyhled\u00e1va\u010d\u016f nebo je p\u0159\u00edmo odkazov\u00e1no na p\u016fvodn\u00ed zdroj informac\u00ed.\", \"Czech Female\");\n                }\n            };\n        <\/script>\n    <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/?page_id=520\">\u010cesk\u00e1 republika je n\u00e1rodem houba\u0159\u016f.<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Popul\u00e1rn\u00ed, mimo klasick\u00e9ho lesn\u00edho sb\u011bru, je i vlastn\u00ed p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed hub, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch d\u0159evokazn\u00fdch druh\u016f. Nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metodou je p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed na sl\u00e1m\u011b v pytl\u00edch nebo o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eva kol\u00ed\u010dkovou sadbou. B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1vody pro tyto metody pak vypadaj\u00ed asi takto:<\/p>\n<address><em>\"Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me sl\u00e1mu kvalitn\u00ed, suchou, bez p\u0159\u00edtomnosti pl\u00edsn\u00ed. Na\u0159ezanou sl\u00e1mu (drobn\u011bji nadrcen\u00e1 je lep\u0161\u00ed) nasypeme do siln\u00e9ho PE pytle, stla\u010d\u00edme ji a zalijeme horkou vodou tak, aby byla v\u0161echna sl\u00e1ma pono\u0159ena a pytel uzav\u0159eme prov\u00e1zkem. Vodu v pytli ponech\u00e1me 12 hodin a potom u\u0159\u00edzneme spodn\u00ed rohy a vodu nech\u00e1me samovoln\u011b vyt\u00e9ct. Kvalit\u011b substr\u00e1tu prosp\u011bje, kdy\u017e pytel po vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vody na 1 den ulo\u017e\u00edme v bl\u00edzkosti zdroje tepla, aby se teplota sl\u00e1my udr\u017eovala po dobu 24 hodin na 45\u00b0C. <\/em><em>Pokud nem\u00e1me k dispozici pytel ze siln\u00e9ho PE, m\u016f\u017eeme sl\u00e1mu spa\u0159it v n\u011bjak\u00e9 n\u00e1dob\u011b (sud, vana), p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b namo\u010denou sl\u00e1mu lze spa\u0159it v pa\u0159\u00e1ku na brambory\".<br \/>\n<\/em><\/address>\n<address>\"Kmeny na\u0159e\u017eeme na d\u00e9lku 20-50 cm. Krat\u0161\u00ed kmeny d\u0159\u00edve prorostou podhoub\u00edm, je v\u0161ak nutno je osadit do vlh\u010d\u00edho m\u00edsta. Budeme-li o\u010dkovat z\u00e1\u0159ezy nebo otvory, doporu\u010dujeme d\u00e9lku kmene okolo 50 cm a rychlost pror\u016fst\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme ovlivnit vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed otvor\u016f nebo z\u00e1\u0159ez\u016f. Kmeny pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me s k\u016frou. Pak mus\u00edte do d\u0159eva vyvrtat otvory o pr\u016fm\u011bru kol\u00ed\u010dku 8 mm. Kol\u00ed\u010dek by m\u011bl j\u00edt do d\u0159eva ztuha a mus\u00edte ho zatlouct pomoci kladiva. Kol\u00ed\u010dek za\u010dne pror\u016fstat do \u0161palku, z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 z n\u011bho \u017eiviny a cel\u00fd jej kolonizuje. Tato f\u00e1ze m\u016f\u017ee trvat podle velikosti \u0161palku 1-2 roky a n\u00e1sledn\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed k tvorb\u011b plodnic\".<\/address>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tyto zp\u016fsoby jsou jist\u011b l\u00e9ty prov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9, ale pro v\u011bt\u0161inu lid\u00ed technicky probl\u00e9mov\u00e9. Je dost t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9, mo\u017en\u00e1 a\u017e humorn\u00e9, si p\u0159edstavit, jak m\u011bstsk\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk pob\u00edh\u00e1 po byt\u011b s 20 litrov\u00fdm hrncem va\u0159\u00edc\u00ed vody, aby n\u00e1sledn\u011b zalil PE pytel s na\u0159ezanou sl\u00e1mou. Podobn\u011b probl\u00e9mov\u00fd je ze stejn\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f pro valnou v\u011bt\u0161inu lid\u00ed i druh\u00fd zp\u016fsob p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed o\u010dkovac\u00ed kol\u00ed\u010dkov\u00e9 sadby na kmeny. T\u00edmto oba zp\u016fsoby v\u016fbec nekritizujeme ani nezpochyb\u0148ujeme, ale jsou prost\u011b pro mnoho lid\u00ed (hlavn\u011b m\u011bstsk\u00e9 obyvatele v bytov\u00e9 z\u00e1stavb\u011b) technicky i fakticky nedostupn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jistou inovac\u00ed v tradi\u010dn\u00edch zp\u016fsobech je tak p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159evokazn\u00fdch hub s vyu\u017eit\u00edm Microbox\u016f. (Original foto: web o Mycelium - Microbox a p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed shii-take)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Obr\u00e1zky \u010d.1 - \u010d.6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-239 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/myc1.png\" alt=\"myc1\" width=\"180\" height=\"140\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-240 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/myc2.png\" alt=\"myc2\" width=\"180\" height=\"140\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-241 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/myc3.png\" alt=\"myc3\" width=\"180\" height=\"140\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-242 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/myc4.png\" alt=\"myc4\" width=\"180\" height=\"140\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-243 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/myc5.png\" alt=\"myc5\" width=\"180\" height=\"140\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-244 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/myc6.png\" alt=\"myc6\" width=\"180\" height=\"140\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pou\u017eit\u00ed Microbox\u016f je jeden z nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak velmi \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b p\u011bstovat houby v dom\u00e1c\u00edm (tj. i v bytov\u00e9m a tedy prostorov\u011b \u010dasto omezen\u00e9m) prost\u0159ed\u00ed pod st\u00e1lou vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed kontrolou pror\u016fst\u00e1n\u00ed mycelia a procesu z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 fruktifikace (tvorby plodnic). Tento zp\u016fsob p\u011bstovan\u00ed d\u0159evokazn\u00fdch hub je obl\u00edben\u00fd hlavn\u011b v Belgii, Nizozem\u00ed, USA a Kanad\u011b. N\u011bkter\u00e9 firmy (nap\u0159. z GB) je p\u0159\u00edmo pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako <a href=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/?page_id=1577\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>p\u011bstebn\u00ed sety.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1559\" src=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/microinje.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/microinje.png 300w, https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/microinje-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nao\u010dkov\u00e1n upravenou a obohacenou \"sadbou\" mate\u0159sk\u00e9 kultury (myceliem) se substr\u00e1t, v hermeticky uzav\u0159en\u00e9m mikroklimatu Microboxu, st\u00e1le rozv\u00edj\u00ed a d\u00fdch\u00e1 (<strong>pro o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed substr\u00e1tu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me sm\u011bs tekut\u00e9ho mycelia na malt\u00f3ze<\/strong>). <b>Mycelium<\/b>\u00a0(podhoub\u00ed) je shluk vz\u00e1jemn\u011b propleten\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken, charakteristick\u00fd zejm\u00e9na pro\u00a0houby\u00a0a n\u011bkter\u00e9\u00a0bakterie. Vl\u00e1kna mohou b\u00fdt rozd\u011blena septy (p\u0159ep\u00e1\u017ekami) na jednotliv\u00e9\u00a0bu\u0148ky, nebo tato septa chyb\u011bj\u00ed a cel\u00e9 mycelium je tvo\u0159eno jednou bu\u0148kou. Mycelium pronikaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u016fdou se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 mycelium baz\u00e1ln\u00ed (vegetativn\u00ed); \u010d\u00e1st nad p\u016fdou je mycelium vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 nebo reproduktivn\u00ed (tvo\u0159\u00ed-li spory). Od tohoto bodu mycelium za\u010dne r\u016fst a postupn\u011b napad\u00e1 cel\u00fd substr\u00e1t (obr. 1-3). Tento proces trv\u00e1 asi 3-4 t\u00fddny, ide\u00e1ln\u011b v \u00fapln\u011b tmav\u00e9m a pokojov\u011b tepl\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed 23-26 \u00b0C, kdy substr\u00e1t zraje (obr. 4) a v kone\u010dn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi substr\u00e1t za\u010dne rodit a tvo\u0159\u00ed houby (obr. 5 a 6), ide\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159i sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 okoln\u00ed teplot\u011b kolem 12-20 \u00b0C podle druhu p\u011bstovan\u00e9 houby. P\u0159edem si m\u016f\u017eeme vybrat, zda nech\u00e1me dokon\u010dit proces fruktifikace v samotn\u00e9m Microboxu (sund\u00e1n\u00edm krytu s filtrem) nebo zda jeho obsah p\u0159em\u00edst\u00edme do v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1dob nebo i do speci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00e1\u010dk\u016f. V\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 lh\u016fty jsou pouze orienta\u010dn\u00ed. Skute\u010dn\u00fd proces m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt rychlej\u0161\u00ed nebo pomalej\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. Zrychlen\u00fdm procesem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eit\u00ed pap\u00edru, jako substr\u00e1tu se 100% pod\u00edlem celul\u00f3zy, kdy cel\u00fd proces od nao\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed sadby do substr\u00e1tu po samotnou tvorbu plodnic trv\u00e1 asi 5-6 t\u00fddn\u016f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Takto se daj\u00ed p\u011bstovat r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy hl\u00edv, shii-take, polni\u010dka, pen\u00edzovka, ale i reishi, nameko, maitake, kor\u00e1lovec a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch druh\u016f. Pro Microboxy se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed substr\u00e1ty nej\u010dast\u011bji v kombinaci d\u0159evn\u00ed hmoty a obilovin. Substr\u00e1ty jsou standardn\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed, jen s d\u00edl\u010d\u00edmi obm\u011bnami podle druhu p\u011bstovan\u00e9 houby. V\u00fdt\u011b\u017enost substr\u00e1t\u016f z p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed v Microbox je pom\u011brn\u011b vysok\u00e1 a pohybuje se kolem 25% podle druhu. U klasick\u00e9 hl\u00edvy (Pleurotus Ostreatus a Pleurotus Pulmonarius) a u shii-take (Lentinula Edodes) cca 30% (300 gram\u016f houby z 1 kg substr\u00e1tu). <strong>Mimo minim\u00e1ln\u00edch prostorov\u00fdch n\u00e1rok\u016f je dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ednost\u00ed Microbox\u016f mo\u017enost p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edce druh\u016f hub sou\u010dasn\u011b, samoz\u00e1sobitelsk\u00e9 celoro\u010dn\u00ed p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed bez ohledu na venkovn\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed a je to hlavn\u011b p\u011bkn\u00e9 i praktick\u00e9 hobby (houby se daj\u00ed sn\u00edst \ud83d\ude42 ) s p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch experiment\u00e1ln\u00edch postup\u016f.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u011bt\u0161inu za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edch p\u011bstitel\u016f odrad\u00ed nutn\u00e1 a pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 sterilizace houbov\u00fdch substr\u00e1t\u016f. Ale nic na tom opravdu nen\u00ed. U Microbox\u016f prob\u00edh\u00e1 podobn\u011b jako u sklenic v p\u00e1\u0159e, ale v\u00ed\u010dko s filtrem se hermeticky neuzav\u00edr\u00e1 (nedocvak\u00e1v\u00e1), n\u00fdbr\u017e se jen voln\u011b polo\u017e\u00ed na n\u00e1dobu a stejn\u011b jako u sklenic se vr\u0161ek p\u0159ekryje alobalem. Po vychladnut\u00ed substr\u00e1tu a nao\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed agarem nebo sadbou se v\u00ed\u010dko hermeticky uzav\u0159e postupn\u00fdm docvaknut\u00edm po cel\u00e9m obvodu n\u00e1doby. (Original foto: Mush NL)<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-399 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/mushmush1.png\" alt=\"mushmush1\" width=\"600\" height=\"220\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/mushmush1.png 600w, https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/mushmush1-300x110.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-400 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/mushmush3.png\" alt=\"mushmush3\" width=\"599\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/mushmush3.png 599w, https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/mushmush3-300x112.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-401 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/mushmush2.png\" alt=\"mushmush2\" width=\"596\" height=\"245\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/mushmush2.png 596w, https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/mushmush2-300x123.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 596px) 100vw, 596px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">P\u0159edem nutn\u00e1 sterilizace substr\u00e1tu se d\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00fdmi kroky obej\u00edt nap\u0159. <strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/?page_id=513\">pou\u017eit\u00edm peroxidu vod\u00edku<\/a><\/span><\/strong> p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b substr\u00e1tu (popul\u00e1rn\u00ed metoda v USA a Austr\u00e1lii) nebo p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b i jeho dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fapravou nap\u0159. propa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159ed pln\u011bn\u00edm n\u00e1dob. <strong>Osobn\u011b, ale preferujeme daleko jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed pasterizaci, s nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm ph, za pomoci v\u00e1pna a jen s trochou peroxidu.<\/strong> Prov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdm filtrem Microboxu pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed hub p\u0159ed fruktifikac\u00ed je b\u00edl\u00fd filtr s pr\u016fm\u011brnou v\u00fdm\u011bnou plyn\u016f kolem 10GE\/den nebo i \u017elut\u00fd a \u010derven\u00fd filtr s pr\u016fm\u011brem kolem 13GE\/den, resp. 16GE\/den.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-266 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/wap6a.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"281\" height=\"161\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/wap6a.png 500w, https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/wap6a-300x171.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 281px) 100vw, 281px\" \/>Pou\u017e\u00edt m\u016f\u017eeme r\u016fzn\u00e9 kulat\u00e9 a ov\u00e1ln\u00e9 n\u00e1doby Microbox s objemem 565 ml, 870 ml, 1000 ml, resp. 540 ml nebo 1200 ml, ale i 1600 ml a 2100 ml. Men\u0161\u00ed objemy (300 ml a 565 ml, resp. 540 ml) Microbox\u016f se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed i pro zku\u0161ebn\u00ed a experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed, kdy p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fd ne\u00fasp\u011bch p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed jen velmi zanedbateln\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty na sadb\u011b nebo substr\u00e1tu. Mnoho zahrani\u010dn\u00edch profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch firem, ale i hobby p\u011bstitel\u016f, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Microbox rovn\u011b\u017e pro v\u00fdrobu a mno\u017een\u00ed nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch druh\u016f houbov\u00e9 sadby. Microbox tak \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b nahrazuje r\u016fzn\u011b amat\u00e9rsky prora\u017een\u00e1 v\u00ed\u010dka zava\u0159ovac\u00edch sklenic, nacpan\u00e9 n\u00e1sledn\u011b vatou nebo molitanem pro \"d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed\" sadby.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-252 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/microboxg.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"216\" height=\"162\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>P\u0159i autokl\u00e1vu lze Microboxy pou\u017e\u00edt opakovan\u011b a\u017e 10x. P\u0159i p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed hub, kdy si pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd substr\u00e1t p\u0159edem sterilizujeme nebo pou\u017eijeme metodu bez sterilizace (nap\u0159. s peroxidem), lze n\u00e1doby Microbox pou\u017e\u00edt mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b (i 20x podle stavu n\u00e1doby, filtru a t\u011bsnosti v\u00ed\u010dka). Sta\u010d\u00ed jen po posledn\u00ed fruktifikaci\u00a0(tvorb\u011b plodnic)\u00a0vysypat vy\u010derpanou sadbu z n\u00e1doby, Microbox vym\u00fdt horkou vodou, ot\u0159\u00edt filtr mokr\u00fdm had\u0159\u00edkem a n\u00e1doba je znovu p\u0159ipravena k pou\u017eit\u00ed bez mo\u017en\u00e9 kontaminace s venkovn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm. \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>Na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed komise EU \u010d. 432\/2012 neumo\u017e\u0148uje popisovat v\u0161echny \u00fa\u010dinky u konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho dopl\u0148ku stravy na lidsk\u00fd organismus. Jako jeden ze zdroj\u016f informac\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete vyu\u017e\u00edt v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 informace o houb\u011b reishi i jin\u00fdch produktech uveden\u00fdch na tomto serveru, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b obecn\u011b informa\u010dn\u00ed nekomer\u010dn\u00ed charakter a poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z ve\u0159ejn\u011b dostupn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, nap\u0159. za pomoc\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch vyhled\u00e1va\u010d\u016f nebo je p\u0159\u00edmo odkazov\u00e1no na p\u016fvodn\u00ed zdroj informac\u00ed.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u010cesk\u00e1 republika je n\u00e1rodem houba\u0159\u016f. Popul\u00e1rn\u00ed, mimo klasick\u00e9ho lesn\u00edho sb\u011bru, je i vlastn\u00ed p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed hub, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch d\u0159evokazn\u00fdch druh\u016f. Nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metodou je p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed na sl\u00e1m\u011b v pytl\u00edch nebo o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eva kol\u00ed\u010dkovou sadbou. B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1vody pro tyto metody pak vypadaj\u00ed asi takto: \"Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me sl\u00e1mu kvalitn\u00ed, suchou, bez p\u0159\u00edtomnosti pl\u00edsn\u00ed. Na\u0159ezanou sl\u00e1mu (drobn\u011bji nadrcen\u00e1 je lep\u0161\u00ed) nasypeme <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/?page_id=77\">...continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":71,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/77"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=77"}],"version-history":[{"count":114,"href":"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/77\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1642,"href":"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/77\/revisions\/1642"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/71"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.microbox.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=77"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}